| 中文名稱 | 馬匹及牛隻的東方馬腦脊髓炎，EEE─人畜共通傳染病 |
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| 英文名稱 | Eastern equine encephalomyelitis, eee, in horses and cattle- zoonosis |
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| 建立日期 | 2007/11/01 |
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| 更新日期 | 2018/11/01 |
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| 中文描述 | 東方馬腦炎是一種由披膜病毒科的阿爾發病毒感染所引發的疾病，藉由蚊子的叮咬來進行傳染。本疾病可以鳥傳鳥，也可以鳥傳馬，所以當病毒感染到區域內的鳥群時，會引起疾病的擴散。在臨床病例上，受感染動物的抗體力價會上升四倍以上，而且腦脊髓液中的細胞數與蛋白量都會增加。剖檢時可以進行病毒分離。本疾病有疫苗可以使用。感染東方腦炎的動物，死亡率可達75-90%。大部分的存活動物，體內會有病毒殘留，也會留下行為方面的後遺症。非常罕見的狀況下，本疾病的病毒也會感染小牛與黃牛，並引發腦脊髓炎。 |
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| 英文描述 | Eastern Equine Encephalitis is caused by a virus belonging to the genus ALPHAVIRUS in the family Togaviridae; spread by the bite of a mosquito. Outbreaks occur as the viral population enters the bird population and is spread from bird to bird and bird to horse. Cells and protein are increased in CSF and there is a 4-fold or greater rise in titer with clinical disease. Virus can be isolated at necropsy. A vaccine is available. A fatality rate of 75-90% is expected in cases of Eastern Encephalitis. Most survivors are left with residual visual or behavioral deficits. In vary rare instances, this virus has caused encephalomyelitis in calves and cattle. |
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